Getting the Most from Census Records

The census is one of the most valuable tools a family historian has. Taken every ten years since 1801, the returns that record names begin in 1841.

Each return lists the people in a household on census night, with their age, occupation, relationship to the head and place of birth. From 1851 the relationship and exact birthplace are recorded, which is invaluable.

Always read the whole page, not just your family. Neighbours, lodgers and servants help to place your ancestors in their community, and often hint at family connections.

Remember that ages were often rounded and spellings varied. Treat each census as a snapshot, and compare several in a row to spot patterns and contradictions.